Reports 2020–

This paper investigates the environmental and economic effects of carbon taxation, including the impacts on labor demand for different workers. Using matched employer- employee data from the Swed…

The Swedish electricity market is undergoing major changes. Expectations are being ex pressed from many quarters that demand for electricity will grow significantly in the coming decades. At the same…

This report investigates how migration aspirations within the Russian population have evolved following the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russia in 2022. It primarily focuses on the impact of the…

Differences in the handling of bottlenecks between the power exchange and the real-time markets used by the system operator can give rise to arbitrage opportunities. This can cause increased consumer…

This comprehensive report delves into the economic policy responses of the Nordic countries amidst the tumultuous period marked by the COVID-19 pandemic, the subsequent recovery phase, the energy cris…

Productivity in Sweden, measured as GDP per hour worked, has in recent decades been among the highest in the world. The fact that Swedish wealth measured as GDP per capita is still not among the highe…

In this report to the Expert Group on Public Economics (ESO), which was previously published in Swedish (2022:3 Samspel för stabilitet), the balance between fiscal and monetary policy in Sweden is ana…

In 2014, the Swedish government introduced a specific kind of R&D tax relief, reducing firms’ payroll tax liability for R&D staff. In comparison to traditional tax incentives where all qualifi…

Constructing football fields in Sweden with artificial turf has grown in popularity in recent years. Although the increase in playing time per year is a significant benefit of using artificial turf, t…

The basic policy tool for increasing FDI is international investment agreements (IIAs), state-to-state treaties that protect FDI against host country policy measures. This note focuses on the IIA of m…

Multinational firms (MNEs) are key actors in the global economy, accounting for more than one-fifth of global output and more than two-thirds of global trade (Qiang et al., 2020). Moreover, approximat…