American Review of International Arbitration
Henrik Horn and Pehr-Johan Norbäck
International investment agreements (“IIAs”) are State-to-State treaties that aim to promote investment, especially foreign direct investment (“FDI”), by protecting foreign investors against host-country policy measures. The first IIAs…
Polish Numismatic News
Roger Svensson
Forgeries of coins can either be contemporary or modern. Already in the Middle Ages, it was well known that bracteates were considerably more difficult to counterfeit than two-faced coins. The main reason is that bracteates are struck with a more complicated…
Energy Journal
Sara Fogelberg and Ewa Lazarczyk
Anecdotal evidence indicates that electricity producers use production failures to disguise strategic reductions of capacity in order to influence prices, but systematic evidence is lacking. We use an instrumental variable approach and data from the Swedish…
Financial Management
Petri Hukkanen and Matti Keloharju
Building on recent research in social psychology, this paper analyzes the link between the precision of initial cash offers and mergers and acquisition (M&A) outcomes. About one‐half of the offers are made at the precision of one or five dollars per share, while…
Constitutional Political Economy
Anders Gustafsson
A substantial body of literature suggests that politicians are blocked from implementing efficient reforms that solve substantial problems because of special interest groups or budget constraints. Despite the existing mechanisms that block potentially efficient…
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice
Massimo Baù, Francesco Chirico, Daniel Pittino, Mikaela Backman and Johan Klaesson
The present study analyzes the nexus among business growth, ownership structure, and local embeddedness—that is, the involvement of economic actors in a geographically bound social structure—in rural and urban contexts. This work combines regional…
Annals of Regional Science
Karin Edmark
This paper studies the location decisions of the Swedish privately provided independent schools. It makes use of the great expansion of such schools following the 1992 independent school reform, to study the local determinants of independent school entry. The…
Oxford Review of Economic Policy
Matthew J. Lindquist and Yves Zenou
Social network analysis can help us understand the root causes of delinquent behaviour and crime and provide practical guidance for the design of crime prevention policies. To illustrate these points, we first present a selective review of several key network studies…
Review of Economics and Statistics
Michael D. König, Xiaodong Liu and Yves Zenou
We analyze a model of R&D alliance networks where firms are engaged in R&D collaborations that lower their production costs while competing on the product market. We provide a complete characterization of the Nash equilibrium and determine the optimal R&D…
Cogent Business & Management
Jonatan Sahlin and Jannis Angelis
Purpose: Given the rise of big data and use of analytics, this study explores how the performance measurement systems research field has incorporated dynamic aspects and digitalization prevalent in rapidly changing and competitive environments.
Canadian Journal of Economics
Colin A. Carter and Shon Ferguson
For about 70 years, the Canadian Wheat Board (CWB) was one of the world's largest export “single desk” state traders in agriculture, until it was deregulated in 2012 and stripped of its marketing powers. One of the main crops controlled by the CWB was…
International Review of Entrepreneurship
Shon Ferguson and Magnus Henrekson
Using data on all Swedish startups in the computing sector founded 2007–2015, we find a systematic positive relationship between the propensity of a computing firm to reach customers globally via digital platforms and its long-run employment growth relative to…
North American Journal of Economics and Finance
Mehmet Caglar Kaya and Lars Persson
This paper proposes a theory of gazelle growth in which gazelles can grow either organically or through acquisitions. The model includes three types of firms: incumbent, target, and gazelle. We show that the lower cost of organic growth can increase the incentives…
Blockchain and Web 3.0: Social, Economic, and Technological Challenges
Scott Freeman, Ivana Beveridge and Jannis Angelis
This chapter discusses the socioeconomic and technological aspects of blockchain and its implications when adopted in fintech. In particular, we focus on the enablers of digital trust, which is supporting the mass mobilization of people across geographical and social…
CESifo Economic Studies
Fredrik Andersson, Henrik Jordahl and Jens Josephson
We review the literature on public sector outsourcing to explore if the theoretical predictions from the incomplete contracts literature hold up to recent empirical evidence. Guided by theory, we arrange services according to the type and magnitude of their…
CESifo Economic Studies
Henrik Jordahl
Public sector outsourcing, in the form of private production of tax-financed services, is on the increase with economic and social consequences for consumers, taxpayers, and employees. The development has given rise to so-called quasi-markets with choice and…
Agricultural Productivity and Producer Behavior
Mark Brown, Shon Ferguson and Crina Viju-Miljusevic
We decompose the impact of trade reform on technology adoption and land use to study how aggregate changes were driven by reallocation versus within-farm adaptation. Using detailed census data covering over 30,000 farms in Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada…
ILR Review
Thomas Åstebro, Serguey Braguinsky, Pontus Braunerhjelm and Anders Broström
Is the Bayh-Dole intellectual property regime associated with more and better academic entrepreneurship than the Professor’s Privilege regime? The authors examine data on US PhDs in the natural sciences, engineering, and medical fields who became entrepreneurs…
The Digital Transformation of Labor
Mårten Blix
Some changes in society are significant enough to warrant a specific name. Digitalization is one of those and is sometimes described as the third industrial revolution. What can we learn from comparing the present situation to the state of society at the outset of…
Review of Austrian Economics
Niklas Elert and Magnus Henrekson
We are grateful for the comments to our article, and for the opportunity to respond to them. In our original contribution, we argued that the application of the EOE perspective could help make Austrian economics more concrete, relevant and persuasive, especially…
Review of Austrian Economics
Niklas Elert and Magnus Henrekson
We argue that scholars in the Austrian tradition of economics should incorporate the notion of a collaborative innovation bloc into their study of spontaneous market orders. We demonstrate how successful entrepreneurship depends on an innovation bloc of this kind, a…
FinanzArchiv/Public Finance Analysis
Lina Aldén and Mats Hammarstedt
We present an analysis of how refugee immigration affects public-sector finances during the refugees' first years of stay in Sweden. Two different measures are presented. First, public-sector revenues are related to public-sector costs under the assumption that…
Travail et Emploi (Special issue covering a Paris workshop on job polarization)
Fredrik Heyman and Fredrik Sjöholm
Globalization has increased in recent decades, resulting in structural changes of production and labor demand. This paper examines how the increased global engagement of firms affects the structure of the workforce. We find that the aggregate distribution of…
Journal of Institutional Economics
Niclas Berggren, Martin Ljunge and Therese Nilsson
Tolerance – respecting individual choice and differences among people – is a prominent feature of modern European culture. That immigrants embrace this kind of liberal value is arguably important for integration, a central policy goal. We provide a…
Digital Transformation and Public Services: Societal Impacts in Sweden and Beyond
Mårten Blix and Johanna Jeansson
Health care in Sweden finds itself at a crossroads as regards digitalization. In this chapter, we will focus on one issue in particular that is causing consternation among primary care physicians: the rapid increase in popularity of telemedicine. Via smartphone apps,…
Political Studies
Christian Bjørnskov and Martin Rode
Proper government reaction to economic crisis has long been a central element of public policy debate and is experiencing a revival after the Great Recession of 2008. Previous studies argue on theoretical and empirical grounds that crises may lead to more…
ILR Review
Christopher I. Rider, Peter Thompson, Aleksandra Kacperczyk and Joacim Tåg
The authors cast entrepreneurship as one of three career choices—remaining with one’s employer, changing employers, or engaging in entrepreneurship—and theorize how the likelihood of entrepreneurship evolves over one’s career. They empirically…
Small Business Economics
Åsa Lindholm-Dahlstrand, Martin Andersson and Bo Carlsson
The literature on innovation systems focuses on the supply side (the creation of technology) rather than on how innovations are converted into economic activity and growth via the market (the demand side, and the interface between supply and demand). One implication…
Small Business Economics
Maria Minniti, Martin Andersson, Pontus Braunerhjelm, Frédéric Delmar, Annika Rickne, Karin Thorburn, Karl Wennberg and Mikael Stenkula
The 2019 Global Award for Entrepreneurship Research has been awarded to Professor Boyan Jovanovic at New York University in the USA. Boyan Jovanovic has developed pioneering research that advances our understanding of the competitive dynamics between incumbent firms…
Journal of Institutional Economics
Magnus Henrekson and Johan Wennström
The Swedish school system suffers from profound problems with teacher recruitment and retention, knowledge decline, and grade inflation. Absenteeism is high, and psychiatric disorders have risen sharply among Swedish pupils. In this pioneering analysis of the…
Applied Economics
Carl Magnus Bjuggren and Niklas Elert
This article examines gender differences in optimism about the economy. We measure optimism using Swedish survey data in which respondents stated their beliefs about the country’s future economic situation. We argue that this measure of optimism is preferable…
World Bank Research Observer
Fredrik Heyman, Pehr-Johan Norbäck and Lars Persson
How can a country improve productivity growth in its business sector and reach its growth potential? Sweden during the 1970–2010 period can serve as an example to help other countries understand how to efficiently reform a business sector. In the 1990s, Sweden…
The European Union in a Changing World Order: Interdisciplinary European Studies
Antonina Bakardjieva Engelbrekt, Niklas Bremberg, Anna Michalski and Lars Oxelheim
This introductory chapter aims to shed light on how tightly the EU and the liberal international order are entwined and discuss the likely impact on the EU of a changing and, most likely, less liberal world order. The chapter discusses the concept of order in…
Journal of Financial Stability
Per Hjertstrand and James Swofford
Hjertstrand et al. (2016) recently tested weak separability of the direct utility function using U.S. data on consumption goods, leisure, financial and monetary assets. This paper investigates different forms of weak separability. While weak separability of the…
Journal of Management Studies
Nicolai J. Foss, Peter G. Klein and Christian Bjørnskov
The economics and management literatures pay increasing attention to the technological, competitive, and institutional environment for entrepreneurship. However, less is known about how context influences the judgment of entrepreneurs. Focusing on the emerging…
Public Integrity
Andreas Bergh, Gissur Erlingsson, Anders Gustafsson and Emanuel Wittberg
The market-inspired reforms of New Public Management have been particularly pronounced in Swedish local government. Notably, municipally owned enterprises (MOEs) have rapidly grown in numbers. Principal-agent theory gives rise to the hypothesis that the massive…
Journal of Political Economy
Mounir Karadja and Erik Prawitz
We study the political effects of mass emigration to the United States in the nineteenth century using data from Sweden. To instrument for total emigration over several decades, we exploit severe local frost shocks that sparked an initial wave of emigration,…
Journal of Institutional Economics
Niclas Berggren and Christian Bjørnskov
Since the early 1980s a wave of liberalizing reforms has swept over the world. Using panel data from 30 European countries in the period 1993–2015, we test the hypothesis that such reforms have led to voter dissatisfaction with democracy, since, it is argued,…
Procedia CIRP
Elias Hans Dener Ribeiro da Silva, Ana Carolina Shinohara, Edson Pinheiro de Lima, Jannis Angelis and Carla Gonçalves Machado
Digitalization of manufacturing is once again on the industry application research agenda and Digital Manufacturing plays a fundamental role in this process. However, there is a lack of commonality in the literature about the purpose of Digital Manufacturing. The…
Procedia Manufacturing
Elias Hans Dener Ribeiro da Silva, Jannis Angelis and Edson Pinheiro de Lima
Companies are adopting several new technologies that form the pillars of Industry 4.0 production framework, of which Digital Manufacturing (DM) stands out by combining conventional manufacturing technologies with digital techniques. These are used to assist in the…
Disrupted Economic Relationships. Disasters, Sanctions, Dissolutions
Wolfgang Hess and Maria Persson
Journal of Industrial Economics
Thomas Tangerås and Johannes Mauritzen
This paper develops a theoretical framework to analyze the link between real‐time and day‐ahead competition in a hydro‐based wholesale electricity market. Predictions of the model are tested on a detailed data set of trades and prices from the Nordic power exchange,…
Nordic Economic Policy Review 2019: Climate Policies in the Nordic Countries
Lars Calmfors and John Hassler
Climate change has become a key concern for policy makers, business leaders and individuals all over the world. There exists a broad scientific consensus that the emissions of greenhouse gases, mainly carbon dioxide (CO2), is responsible for global warming…
Integrating Immigrants into the Nordic Labour Markets
Simon Ek and Per Skedinger
Most Nordic countries struggle with the integration of low-skilled immigrants. Relying on research from primarily the Nordics, we discuss to what extent minimum wage reductions can improve labour market prospects for immigrants, whether unskilled and low-pay jobs…
Integrating Immigrants into the Nordic Labour Markets
Lars Calmfors and Nora Sánchez Gassen
Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden face similar problems of integrating large groups of immigrants, especially low-educated ones from outside the EU, into their labour markets. This volume investigates how labour market integration of these groups can be promoted…
European Journal of Public Health
Margareta Dackehag, Lina-Maria Ellegård, Ulf Gerdtham and Therese Nilsson
Background: Empirical research suggests that household debt and payment difficulties are detrimental to mental health. Despite well-known measurement problems that may contaminate analyses using subjective self-reported health measures, our knowledge is very limited…
Journal of Business Venturing
Maria Abreu, Özge Öner, Aleid Brouwer and Eveline van Leeuwen
Our paper presents an empirical analysis of entrepreneurial well-being using a large-scale longitudinal household survey from the UK that tracks almost 50,000 individuals across seven waves over the period 2009–2017, as well as a number of exploratory case…
Journal of Agricultural Economics
Ray D. Bollman and Shon Ferguson
We estimate the impact of removing an export subsidy on the local economies of Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, exploiting the large regional variation of a 1995 reform. We find that the loss of the subsidy resulted in significantly lower farm value‐added, farm…
Research Policy
Fredrik Heyman, Pehr-Johan Norbäck, Lars Persson and Fredrik Andersson
Recent studies document a 30-year decline in various measures of entrepreneurship in the U.S. Using detailed Swedish employer-employee data over the period from 1990 to 2013, we find young firms to be more prominent in the Swedish business sector than in the U.S.…
International Tax and Public Finance
Enrico Rubolino and Daniel Waldenström
We construct a cross-country dataset spanning 1900–2014 to estimate the tax elasticity of top incomes. Our results show that top tax elasticities vary tremendously over time; they were medium to low before 1950, dropped to almost zero during the postwar era and…
Journal of Business & Economic Statistics
Jan Heufer and Per Hjertstrand
We provide a nonparametric revealed preference approach to demand analysis based on homothetic efficiency. Homotheticity is widely assumed (often implicitly) because it is a convenient and often useful restriction. However, this assumption is rarely tested, and data…
Business Horizons
Jannis Angelis and Elias Ribeiro da Silva
The ongoing discussion regarding blockchain technologies is focused primarily on cryptocurrencies, but blockchain features and functionalities have developed beyond financial instruments. As the technologies provide new functionalities, the associated value…
American Economic Review
Emmanuel Saez, Benjamin Schoefer and David Seim
This paper uses administrative data to analyze a large employer-borne payroll tax rate cut for young workers in Sweden. We find no effect on net-of-tax wages of young treated workers relative to slightly older untreated workers, and a 2–3 percentage point…
Research Policy
Martin Andersson, Johan P Larsson and Joakim Wernberg
We employ finely geo-coded firm-level panel data to assess the long-standing question whether agglomeration economies derive from specialization (within-industry), diversity (between-industry) or overall density. Rather than treating the city as a single unit, we…
American Journal of Political Science
Christian Bjørnskov and Jacob Mchangama
While the United Nations and NGOs are pushing for global judicialization of economic, social, and cultural rights (ESCRs), little is known of their consequences. We provide evidence of the effects of introducing three types of ESCRs into the constitution: the rights…
Scottish Journal of Political Economy
Simon Ek and Magnus Henrekson
Homothetic Preferences Revealed
Jan Heufer and Per Hjertstrand
We introduce a method to recover homothetic preferences from choice data with minor optimization or measurement errors. Our method allows for a more detailed graphical analysis to reveal subjects’ preferences and to choose appropriate functional forms for…
North American Journal of Economics and Finance
Pehr-Johan Norbäck and Lars Persson
Entry by multinational enterprises (MNEs) into emerging markets has increased substantially over the last decades. Many of these MNE entries have taken place in concentrated markets. To capture these features, we construct a strategic interaction model of MNE…
Energy Strategy Reviews
Mahir Sarfati, Mohammad Reza Hesamzadeh and Pär Holmberg
Electricity markets employ different congestion management methods to handle the limited transmission capacity of the power system. This paper compares production efficiency and other aspects of nodal and zonal pricing. We consider two types of zonal pricing: zonal…
Neoliberalism and Market Forces in Education: Lessons from Sweden
Jonas Vlachos
In Sweden, a trust-based evaluation system meets a market-oriented school system which allows liberal entry conditions to voucher-funded private providers, several of which are for-profit corporations. The purpose of this chapter is to analyze how different providers…
Economica
Fredrik Heyman, Pehr-Johan Norbäck and Rickard Hammarberg
This paper examines whether and, if so, why source country heterogeneity exists in foreign direct investment. Using detailed Swedish matched employer‐employee data for the period from 1996 to 2009, we find statistical evidence that affiliate performance differs…
Rethinking Law
Mårten Blix
The past provides some guidance on how to handle the effects of technological change on society and the labour market. The question is how much. During the Industrial Revolution, some skilled workers lost their jobs as factories were built and machines gradually came…
Environmental Economics and Policy Studies
Shon Ferguson and Mark Sanctuary
A number of researchers have found that imports by pollution heavy industries do not increase in response to tighter pollution policy. We empirically evaluate the impact of an sudden and unexpected increase in Swedish electricity prices in the 2000s on the imports of…
Public Choice
Niclas Berggren and Christian Bjørnskov
Government debt is large in most developed countries, and while budget deficits may reflect short-term attempts to kick-start the economy in times of crisis by means of fiscal stimulus, the longer-term consequences may be detrimental to investment and growth. Those…
International Business Review
Reggy Hooghiemstra, Niels Hermes, Lars Oxelheim and Trond Randøy
The internationalization of firms has led to boards becoming more international as well. In this study, we investigate the consequences of board internationalization. In particular, by drawing on research on language and board dynamics, we identify theory-based…
International Business Review
Lars Oxelheim
Being able to separate temporary global macroeconomic influences – caused by fluctuations in exchange rates, interest rates and inflation – from intrinsic performance – related to a superior product, production process or management – is…
Scandinavian Journal of Economics
Shon Ferguson and Rikard Forslid
The purpose of this study is to test for the effects of trade promotion via the foreign service. The theory of trade with heterogeneous firms predicts that unilateral trade promotion allows medium- sized firms to export. We investigate the effects of trade promotion…