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Working Paper No. 1288
The Impact of Banning Mobile Phones in Swedish Secondary Schools
Recently, policy makers worldwide have suggested and passed legislation to ban mobile phone use in schools. The influential (and only quantitative) evaluation by Beland and Murphy (2016), suggests tha…
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Working Paper No. 1284
When Dad Can Stay Home: Fathers’ Workplace Flexibility and Maternal Health
While workplace flexibility is perceived to be a key determinant of maternal labor supply, less is known about fathers’demand for flexibility or about intra-household spillover effects of flexibility init…
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Working Paper No. 1287
Retail and Place Attractiveness: The Effects of Big-Box Entry on Property Values
Opponents of big-box entry argue that large retail establishments generate noise and other types of pollution and a variety of negative externalities associated with traffic. Big-box advocates, on the…
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Working Paper No. 1286
Can Social Spending Cushion the Inequality Effect of Globalization?
This paper examines whether social spending cushions the effect of globalization on within-country inequality. Using information on disposable and market income inequality and data on overall social s…
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Working Paper No. 1285
The Collaborative Innovation Bloc: A Reply to our Commentators
We are grateful for the comments to our article, and for the opportunity to respond to them. In our original contribution, we argued that the application of the EOE perspective could help make Austria…
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Working Paper No. 1283
Economic Incentives, Childcare and Gender Identity Norms
This paper investigates the role of gender identity norms in shaping men's and women's time allocation, based on observed behavior following a change in the market penalty for adopting prescriptive no…
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Working Paper No. 1282
Roots of Tolerance among Second-Generation Immigrants
Tolerance – respecting individual choice and differences among people – is a prominent feature of modern European culture. That immigrants embrace this kind of liberal value is arguably important for…
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Working Paper No. 1281
Coups, Regime Transitions, and Institutional Change
Coups and regime transitions are events that typically are intended to change the basic institutional framework of a country. Which specific policies change and the consequences of these changes never…
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Working Paper No. 1280
Intrapreneurship and Trust
Trust and entrepreneurship are seen as key ingredients of long-term prosperity. However, it is not clear how these two are related. Part of the confusion can be traced back to the measurement of entre…
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Working Paper No. 1279
The Rise and Decline of Industrial Foundations as Controlling Owners of Swedish Listed Firms: The Role of Tax Incentives
Beginning in the interwar period, industrial foundations became a vehicle for the corporate control of large listed firms in Sweden, but in the 1990s they were replaced by wealthy individuals who eith…
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Working Paper No. 1278
Redispatch in Zonal Pricing Electricity Markets
Zonal pricing electricity markets operate sequentially. First, the suppliers compete in a spot market. Second, to alleviate the congestion in the transmission line, in a redispatch market, the supplie…
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Working Paper No. 1277
A Meritocratic Origin of Egalitarian Behavior
The meritocratic fairness ideal implies that inequalities in earnings are regarded as fair only when they reflect differences in performance. Consequently, implementation of the meritocratic fairness…
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Working Paper No. 1272
Foreign Investors and Domestic Company Growth: Evidence from US Venture Capital Investments in Sweden
Do foreign venture capitalists help the domestic economy, or hamper it by slowing down growth, potentially moving economic activity away? This paper addresses this long-standing policy question by exa…
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Working Paper No. 1276
Does Economic Freedom Boost Growth for Everyone?
While the association between economic freedom and long-run economic growth is well documented, the parallel research literature on the distributional consequences of economic freedom is full of confl…
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Working Paper No. 1275
Gender Differences in Optimism
This paper examines gender differences in optimism about the economy. We measure optimism using Swedish survey data in which respondents stated their beliefs about the country’s future economic situat…
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Working Paper No. 1274
Samuelson's Approach to Revealed Preference Theory: Some Recent Advances
Since Paul Samuelson introduced the theory of revealed preference, it has become one of the most important concepts in economics. This chapter surveys some recent contributions in the revealed prefere…
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Working Paper No. 1273
The Compensation Hypothesis Revisited and Reversed
This note describes how research on the link between globalization and openness has changed over time. Early contributions assumed that countries develop welfare states to compensate for volatility ca…
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Working Paper No. 1271
Ethnic Discrimination in Contacts with Public Authorities: A Correspondence Test Among Swedish Municipalities
We present a field experiment conducted in order to explore the existence of ethnic discrimination in contact with public authorities. Two fictitious parents, one with a Swedish-sounding name and one…
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Working Paper No. 1270
Measuring Entrepreneurship: Do Established Metrics Capture High-Impact Schumpeterian Entrepreneurship?
Are quantitative measures driven by small business activity also valid proxies for high-impact Schumpeterian entrepreneurship? We compile four hand-collected measures of high-impact Schumpeterian entr…
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Working Paper No. 1269
Securing Personal Freedom through Institutions – the Role of Electoral Democracy and Judicial Independence
Personal freedom is highly valued by many and a central element of liberal political philosophy. Although personal freedom is frequently associated with electoral democracy, developments in countries…
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Working Paper No. 1268
Globalization, Job Tasks and the Demand for Different Occupations
Globalization has increased in recent decades, resulting in structural changes of production and labor demand. This paper examines how the increased global engagement of firms affects the structure of…
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Working Paper No. 1267
Stock Market Impact of Cross-Border Acquisitions in Emerging Markets
Entry by multinational enterprises (MNEs) into emerging markets has increased substantially over the last decades. Many of these MNE entries have taken place in concentrated markets. To capture these…
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Working Paper No. 1266
Political Hedgehogs: The Geographical Sorting of Refugees in Sweden
This study shows that in Sweden, contrary to other European countries, refugees have been disproportionately placed in peripheral and rural areas with high unemployment and rapid native depopulation w…
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Working Paper No. 1265
The Refugee Crisis and the Reinvigoration of the Nation State: Does the European Union Have a Common Asylum Policy?
The European Union officially proclaims to have a common asylum policy. However, the common treaties leave a great deal of discretion to the individual member countries, which allow them to regulate r…
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Working Paper No. 1264
Production Efficiency of Nodal and Zonal Pricing in Imperfectly Competitive Electricity Markets
Electricity markets employ different congestion management methods to handle the limited transmission capacity of the power system. This paper compares production efficiency and other aspects of nodal…
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Working Paper No. 1263
Gender Grading Bias in Junior High School Mathematics
Admission to high school in Sweden is based on the final grades from junior high. This paper compares students’ final mathematics grade with new data from a high school introductory test score in math…
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Working Paper No. 1262
The Housing Wealth Effect: Quasi-Experimental Evidence
We exploit a quasi-experiment to provide new evidence on the magnitude of the housing wealth effect. We estimate an immediate shock of approximately ‒15% to house prices close to one of Stockholm's ai…
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Working Paper No. 1261
Financial Reforms and Low-Income Households’ Impact on International Consumption Risk Sharing
Complete financial markets allow countries to share their consumption risks internationally, thereby creating welfare gains through lower volatility of aggregate consumption. Using a panel of 116 coun…
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Working Paper No. 1260
Salience of Inherited Wealth and the Support for Inheritance Taxation
We study how attitudes to inheritance taxation are influenced by information about the role of inherited wealth in society. Using a randomized experiment in a register-linked Swedish survey, we find t…
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Working Paper No. 1259
Optimal vs Satisfactory Transparency: The Impact of Global Macroeconomic Fluctuations on Corporate Competitiveness
Being able to separate temporary global macroeconomic influences – caused by fluctuations in exchange rates, interest rates and inflation – from intrinsic performance – related to a superior product,…
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Working Paper No. 1258
Practice Makes Voters? Effects of Student Mock Elections on Turnout
Student mock elections are carried out in schools around the world in an effort to increase political interest and efficacy among students. There is, however, a lack of research on whether mock electi…
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Working Paper No. 1257
Central- versus Self-Dispatch in Electricity Markets
In centralized markets, producers submit detailed cost data to the day-ahead market, and the market operator decides how much should be produced in each plant. This differs from decentralized markets…
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Working Paper No. 1255
Does Job Security Hamper Employment Prospects?
We investigate the effect of employment protection legislation (EPL) on the propensity to hire workers from unemployment and active labor market programs (ALMPs), utilizing a reform that decreased dis…
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Working Paper No. 1256
Getting the First Job – Size and Quality of Ethnic Enclaves for Refugee Labor Market Entry
We analyze the relationship between residence in an ethnic enclave and immigrants’ labor market integration with respect to finding a first job in the receiving country. The analysis distinguishes bet…
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Working Paper No. 1254
Increase-Decrease Game under Imperfect Competition in Two-stage Zonal Power Markets – Part II: Solution Algorithm
In part I of this paper, we proposed a Mixed-Integer Linear Program (MILP) to analyze imperfect competition of oligopoly producers in two-stage zonal power markets. In part II of this paper, we propos…
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Working Paper No. 1253
Increase-Decrease Game under Imperfect Competition in Two-stage Zonal Power Markets – Part I: Concept Analysis
This paper is part I of a two-part paper. It proposes a two-stage game to analyze imperfect competition of producers in zonal power markets with a day-ahead and a real-time market. We consider strateg…
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Working Paper No. 1252
Hayekian Welfare States: Explaining the Co-Existence of Economic Freedom and Big Government
The idea that all types of economic freedom – including limited government – promote prosperity is challenged by the fact that some countries successfully combine a large public sector with high taxes…
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Working Paper No. 1251
Ethnic Enclaves and Labor Market Outcomes – What Matters Most: Neighborhood, City or Region?
The relevance of residential segregation and ethnic enclaves for labor market sorting of immigrants has been investigated by a large body of literature. Previous literature presents competing argument…
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Working Paper No. 1250
A Non-Technical Introduction to Economic Aspects of International Investment Agreements
International investment agreements have become increasingly controversial. The agreements are alleged to be beset with a large number of deficiencies that harm host countries in particular. For inst…
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Working Paper No. 1249
Globalization, the Jobs Ladder and Economic Mobility
Globalization affects the mix of jobs available in an economy and the rate at which workers gain skills. We develop a model in which firms differ in terms of productivity and workers differ in skills,…
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Working Paper No. 1248
Investor-State vs. State-State Dispute Settlement
International investment agreements typically permit foreign investors to litigate against host countries (Investor-State Dispute Settlement, ISDS). Yet, common criticism holds that host countries wou…
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Working Paper No. 1247
Determinants of Economies of Scope in Retail
This paper studies the determinants of economies of scope and quantifies their impact on the extensive and intensive product margins in retail. We use a framework based on a multiproduct technology to…
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Working Paper No. 1246
Linking Net Foreign Portfolio Debt and Equity to Exchange Rate Movements
Many currencies, especially those of countries with negative net foreign assets, tend to depreciate during times of financial turbulence. Using a panel of 26 currencies over the period 1/1997 – 6/2016…
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Working Paper No. 1245
The Taxation of Industrial Foundations in Sweden (1862–2018)
It has been argued that the Swedish tax system has favored firm control through industrial foundations, which should have inhibited entrepreneurship and economic growth. However, research has been ham…
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Working Paper No. 1244
Location Choices of Swedish Independent Schools: How Does Allowing for Private Provision Affect the Geography of the Education Market?
This paper studies the location decisions of Swedish start-up independent schools. It makes use of the great expansion of independent schools following a reform implemented in 1992 to test what local…
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Working Paper No. 1243
Well-being Effects of Self-employment: A Spatial Inquiry
Our paper presents an empirical analysis of entrepreneurial well-being using a large-scale longitudinal household survey from the UK that tracks almost 50,000 individuals across seven waves over the p…
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Working Paper No. 1242
Transmission Network Investment across National Borders: The Liberalized Nordic Electricity Market
The world’s first multinational electricity market was formed with the creation of the Nordic power exchange, Nord Pool. We analyze the incentives to undertake transmission network investment in the c…
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Working Paper No. 1241
(I Can’t Get No) Job Satisfaction? Differences by Sexual Orientation in Sweden
We present results from a unique nationwide survey conducted in Sweden on sexual orientation and job satisfaction. Our results show that gay men, on average, seem more satisfied with their job than he…
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Working Paper No. 1240
The Geography and Concentration of Authorship in the Top Five: Implications for European Economics
We study to what degree authors who publish in the five most prestigious journals in economics have previously published there and in which world region they are based. Although still high, the concen…
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Working Paper No. 1239
Regulation and Government Debt
Government debt is high in most developed countries, and while it may reflect short-term attempts to kick-start the economy in times of crisis through fiscal stimulus, the longer-term consequences ris…
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Working Paper No. 1238
Telemedicine and the Welfare State: The Swedish Experience
Sweden combines a vibrant market economy with a large public sector. This combination of public and private also characterizes the country’s comprehensive tax-financed welfare services. More than one-…
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Working Paper No. 1237
Exit, Voice and Political Change: Evidence from Swedish Mass Migration to the United States
We study the political effects of mass emigration to the United States in the 19th century using data from Sweden. To instrument for total emigration over several decades, we exploit severe local fros…
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Working Paper No. 1236
Credit Ratings and Structured Finance
The poor performance of credit ratings of structured finance products in the financial crisis has prompted investigation into the role of credit rating agencies (CRAs) in designing and marketing these…
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Working Paper No. 1235
Self-employed Immigrants and Their Employees: Evidence from Swedish Employer-Employee Data
We present a study of immigrant self-employment in Sweden using the recent matched employer-employee data from 2014. We find large variations in self-employment rates among immigrant groups as well as…
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Working Paper No. 1234
The French Curse? On the Puzzling Economic Consequences of French Colonization
More than 50 years after independence, the majority of countries in Sub-Saharan Africa remain poor with limited rates of economic growth. One of the most striking features of economic development on t…
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Working Paper No. 1233
Gender and Dynastic Political Recruitment
Throughout history and across countries, women appear more likely than men to enter politics at the heels of a close relative or spouse. We provide a theoretical explanation for this dynastic bias in…
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Working Paper No. 1232
Customer Discrimination in the Fast Food Market? Experimental Evidence from a Swedish University Campus
This paper studies customer discrimination against fictive male and female food truck owners with Arabic names on a Swedish University campus using a web-based experiment.
Students at a Swedish univer…
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Working Paper No. 1231
Allocation of R&D Grants in the Business Sector
The aim of this paper is to provide new empirical evidence on the most crucial determinants of success for firms applying for public R&D grants. Previous studies have been limited to firm level da…
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Working Paper No. 1230
Are Foreign Private Equity Buyouts Bad for Workers?
The media often cast foreign private equity firms as villains who gamble with local jobs. We use detailed registry data from Sweden to show that foreign buyouts have not affected workers' labor market…
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Working Paper No. 1229
Self-employment and Life Satisfaction among the Elderly: Survey-based Evidence from Sweden
This paper compares life satisfaction among the elderly (61 years of age or older) who are self-employed, wage-employed or out of the labour force in Sweden with the help of a unique survey.
Sweden is…
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Working Paper No. 1228
“Post-Truth” Schooling and Marketized Education: Explaining the Decline in Sweden’s School Quality
The Swedish school system suffers from profound problems with teacher recruitment and retention, knowledge decline, and grade inflation. Absenteeism is high, and psychiatric disorders have risen sharp…
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Working Paper No. 1227
Measuring the Impact of Agricultural Production Shocks on International Trade Flows
The purpose of this study is to measure the sensitivity of traded quantities and trade unit values to agricultural production shocks. We develop a general equilibrium model of trade in which productio…
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Working Paper No. 1226
Gender Grading Bias at Stockholm University: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from an Anonymous Grading Reform
In this paper, we first present novel evidence of grading bias against women at the university level. This is in contrast to previous results at the secondary education level. Contrary to the gender c…
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Working Paper No. 1225
Coups, Regime Transition, and the Dynamics of Press Freedom
This paper explores the dynamics of press freedom around events that threaten or oust the incumbent regime of a country. While democracies on average grant the press more freedom, our theoretical star…
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Working Paper No. 1224
The Long-Run Performance of Born Globals in Computing: The Role of Digital Platforms
Using data on all Swedish computing startups founded 2007–2015, we find a systematic positive relationship between the propensity of a computing firm to reach customers globally via digital platforms…
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Working Paper No. 1223
The Long-term Effects of Long Terms: Compulsory Schooling Reforms in Sweden
We evaluate the impact on earnings, pensions, and further labor market outcomes of two parallel educational reforms increasing instructional time in Swedish primary school. The reforms extended the an…
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Working Paper No. 1222
The Collaborative Innovation Bloc: A New Mission for Austrian Economics
We argue that scholars in the Austrian tradition of economics should incorporate the notion of a collaborative innovation bloc into their study of spontaneous market order. We demonstrate how successf…
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Working Paper No. 1221
Farm Size, Technology Adoption and Agricultural Trade Reform: Evidence from Canada
Using detailed census data covering over 40,000 farms in Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada, we document the vast and increasing farm size heterogeneity, and analyze the role of farm size in a…
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Working Paper No. 1220
Long-run Effects of Lottery Wealth on Psychological Well-being
We surveyed a large sample of Swedish lottery players about their psychological well-being and analyzed the data following pre-registered procedures. Relative to matched controls, large-prize winners…
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Working Paper No. 1219
Efficiency Gains and Time-savings of Permanent Panels in the WTO Dispute Settlement
The dispute settlement mechanism (DSM) is today the most active dispute resolution forum in the world. However, its success has also led to increased processing time of disputes, which, in turn, incre…
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Working Paper No. 1218
Entrepreneurial Optimism and Creative Destruction
We provide empirical evidence that uncertainty (rather than risk) and optimism are distinctive characteristics of high-impact entrepreneurial firms (recently listed firms) relative to old, incumbent f…
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Working Paper No. 1217
Trust-Based Evaluation in a Market-Oriented School System
In Sweden, a trust-based system of school performance evaluation meets a market-oriented school system with liberal entry conditions for voucher-funded private providers. National standardized tests a…
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Working Paper No. 1216
An International Comparison of the Contribution to Job Creation by High-growth Firms
The basic principle governing the development of the accounting framework is the choice of appropriate comparators. Firstly, when measuring contributions to job creation, we should focus on just job c…
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Working Paper No. 1215
The (Un)compromise Effect
The current study provides the first experimental test of the compromise effect, i.e. the tendency to choose middle options, in a naturally occurring setting. Simultaneously, I propose and evaluate a…
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Working Paper No. 1214
Fairness in Winner-Take-All Markets
The paper reports the first experimental study on people’s fairness views on extreme income inequalities arising from winner-take-all reward structures.
We find that the majority of participants consi…
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Working Paper No. 1213
Choice and Competition in the Welfare State: Home Care as the Ideal Quasi-market
We study a reform by which a standardized model of choice and competition was introduced in tax-financed home care in a majority of Swedish municipalities. The market for home care is of particular in…
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Working Paper No. 1212
Exploring Digital Time Measurement in the Public Sector: Labor Productivity and Service Quality in Home Care
We measure labor productivity in home care using new data from the recent introduction of digital time measurement in Swedish municipalities. By measuring worker utilization (delivered hours as a shar…
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Working Paper No. 1211
Simulation and Evaluation of Zonal Electricity Market Designs
Zonal pricing with countertrading (a market-based redispatch) gives arbitrage opportunities to the power producers located in the export-constrained nodes. They can increase their profit by increasing…
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Working Paper No. 1210
Getting the Facts Right on Born Globals
Policymakers in several countries have recently taken steps to promote the rapid export expansion of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The goal of these policies has been to create successfu…
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Working Paper No. 1209
Supply Function Equilibrium over a Constrained Transmission Line II: Multiple Plants and Nodal Price Derivatives
Market power in electricity wholesale markets arises when generators have incentives to mark up their offers above the cost of production.
I model a transmission network with a single line. I derive o…
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Working Paper No. 1208
Supply Function Equilibrium over a Constrained Transmission Line I: Calculating Equilibria
Competition between oligopolist electricity generators is inhibited by transmission constraints. I present a supply function equilibrium (SFE) model of an electricity market with a single lossless, bu…
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Working Paper No. 1207
Analysts' Disagreement and Investor Decisions
Earning forecasts disclosed by financial analysts are known to be overly optimistic. Since an investor relies on their expertise, the question arises whether he would take analyst recommendations at f…
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Working Paper No. 1206
How Persistent Is Life Satisfaction? Evidence from European Immigration
This paper asks to what extent life satisfaction among immigrants remains similar to that in their country of origin and to what extent it adapts to that in their country of residence. We employ data…
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Working Paper No. 1205
Mine, Ours or Yours? Unintended Framing Effects in Dictator Games
This paper reports results from a classroom dictator game comparing the effects of three different sets of standard instructions. As was shown by Oxobyand Spraggon (2008), inducing a feeling of entitl…
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Working Paper No. 1204
Non-standard Employment in Sweden
In Sweden, as in many other countries, marginal groups tend to be overrepresented in non-standard employment. A decomposition of the employment rate of full-time workers on permanent contracts reveals…
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Working Paper No. 1203
Financial and Institutional Reforms for an Entrepreneurial Society
In this paper, we introduce a special issue of Small Business Economics on Financial and Institutional Reforms for an Entrepreneurial Society in Europe.
There are many reasons for Europe to want to ma…
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Working Paper No. 1202
Varieties of Entrepreneurship: Exploring the Institutional Foundations of Different Entrepreneurship Types through ‘Varieties-of-Capitalism’ Arguments
While entrepreneurship researchers agree that institutions ‘matter’ for entrepreneurship, they also have a rather encompassing understanding of institutions as almost any external factor that influenc…
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Working Paper No. 1201
What is the Cost of Privatization for Workers?
The privatization of state-owned enterprises is on the agenda across the globe. Using Swedish data covering two decades, we show that productivity gains and headcount reductions are coupled with econo…
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Working Paper No. 1200
Female Self-Employment: Prevalence and Performance Effects of Having a High-Income Spouse
Little is known about self-employment as a career choice for women who marry a highincome spouse. We show that Swedish women who are married to a high-income spouse are, on average, highly educated an…
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Working Paper No. 1199
Threatening to Buy: Private Equity Buyouts and Antitrust Policy
Private equity firms (PE firms) have become common owners of established firms in concentrated markets. We show that the threat of a PE acquisition can trigger incumbent mergers in an otherwise merger…
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Working Paper No. 1198
Stock Market Returns and Consumption
This paper employs Swedish data containing security level information on households' stock holdings to investigate how consumption responds to changes in stock market returns.
We exploit households’ p…
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Working Paper No. 1197
Do Voters Dislike Liberalizing Reforms? New Evidence Using Data on Satisfaction with Democracy
Since the early 1980s a wave of liberalizing reforms has swept over the world. While the stated motivation for these reforms has usually been to increase economic efficiency, some critics have instead…
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Working Paper No. 1196
A Cross-Country Comparison of Dynamics in the Large Firm Wage Premium
We provide stylized facts on the existence and dynamics over time of the large firm wage premium for four countries. We examine matched employer-employee micro-data from Brazil, Germany, Sweden, and t…
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Working Paper No. 1195
Ethnic Enclaves and Self-Employment among Middle Eastern Immigrants in Sweden – Ethnic Capital or Enclave Size?
We employ geocoded data to explore the effects of ethnic enclaves in Swedish cities on the propensity of Middle Eastern immigrants to use business ownership as a vehicle to transcend from labor market…
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Working Paper No. 1194
Why Do Military Dictatorships Become Presidential Democracies? Mapping the Democratic Interests of Autocratic Regimes
This paper starts with the observation that almost all military dictatorships that democratize become presidential democracies. I hypothesize that military interests are able to coordinate on status-p…
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Working Paper No. 1193
Market Power and Forward Prices
We construct a model of strategic behavior in sequential markets which exhibits a persistent forward price premium. On the spot market, producers wield market power while purchasers are price takers.
…
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Working Paper No. 1192
Urban Interactions
This paper studies social-tie formation when individuals care about the geographical location of other individuals. In our model, the intensity of social interactions can be chosen at the same time as…
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Working Paper No. 1191
Cournot Competition in Wholesale Electricity Markets: The Nordic Power Exchange, Nord Pool
Horizontal shifts in bid curves observed in wholesale electricity markets are consistent with Cournot competition. Quantity competition reduces the informational requirements associated with evaluatin…
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Working Paper No. 1190
The Influence of Institutionally Embedded Ownership on Anglo-American Corporate Governance Migration into Emerging Economy IPO Firms
We argue that the corporate governance of emerging economy IPO firms is influenced by firm-specific institutionally embedded block ownership groups. Applying an extended institutional logic perspectiv…
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Working Paper No. 1189
Who Creates Jobs and Who Creates Productivity? Small versus Large versus Young versus Old
This paper examines employment and productivity dynamics in the Swedish business sector during the period 1996–2013. In order to analyze employment and productivity in a consistent way we apply a nove…
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