Background, Summary and Policy Conclusions

Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden face similar problems of integrating large groups of immigrants, especially low-educated ones from outside the EU, into their labour markets. This volume investigates how labour market integration of these groups can be promoted and seeks to identify appropriate policies. Our introduction presents the background to the volume, summarises the main findings and discusses policy recommendations. A key conclusion is that no single policy will suffice. Instead, a combination of education, active labour market, social benefit and wage policies should be used. The exact policy mix must depend on evaluations of the trade-offs with other policy objectives.